A reference section with categories and short explanations.
Landscape terms
An artificially created composition of green plantings, organically connected with the terrain and water bodies. A composition of landscaped elements can be regarded as a system of sequentially unfolding micro-landscapes.
Landscape terms
A mixed border, a colorful and distinctive type of flower arrangement. A mixed border blooms throughout the entire growing season.
Landscape terms
A method of arranging a flowerbed, a small garden area, or a section of a park, based on a geometric system of modules that repeat at regular intervals. For example, squares edged with paving, with varied or uniform planting (flowers, orna…
Landscape terms
Gardens (rose gardens, dahlia gardens, lilac gardens, etc.) in which a single plant is dominant.
Landscape terms
A colorful flowering lawn. Formed from flowering plants or from their mixture with perennial grasses.
Landscape terms
A richly decorated domed structure with a bathing pool in the gardens of Ancient Rome; in Greece - a shady grotto with water features, surrounded by a variety of vegetation.
Landscape terms
A park structure with one or more halls intended for cultivating citrus and other exotic plants. It can serve as a winter garden.
Landscape terms
The linear outline of an object, the contour of a tree or shrub; 2) a plan of an area, drawn by hand, indicating the planting locations of plants, the arrangement of structures, roads, etc.
Landscape terms
A building or area for physical exercises in Ancient Greece.
Landscape terms
1) a light wooden trellised hedge. Installed along the edges of rectangular or square boskets; 2) a palisade of logs driven into the ground, used to stabilize slopes.
Landscape terms
A stylized palm leaf, one of the elements of ornamental design in a garden parterre.
Landscape terms
An ancient Persian garden characterized by an abundance of roses, fountains, and ponds.
Landscape terms
A low wall serving as a protective barrier for terraces, embankments, stairways, steep slopes, and roads.
Landscape terms
An extensive (usually more than 10–15 ha) landscaped green area, improved and artistically arranged for outdoor recreation. The term entered the Russian language in the 18th century from England and originally meant a natural grove or a pi…
Landscape terms
A decorative composition on a horizontal (sometimes slightly sunken) plane, conceived as an open space that is laid out with a lawn, flowerbed, pond, or sculpture. Parterres are divided into flower, lawn, and lacy types.
Landscape terms
A garden in the formal style dominated by lawns, flowerbeds, and ponds. Trees and shrubs are usually placed on the periphery of clumps and beds; plants are regularly clipped and shaped into spheres, cubes, squares, etc.
Landscape terms
An inner courtyard of a residential building; compositionally linked with the interiors of buildings and includes elements such as a fountain, an ornamental pool, stone paving, etc.
Landscape terms
A type of embroidered (lace) parterre that was combined with clipped lawn surfaces; the background was usually crushed tile.
Landscape terms
A garden or park structure consisting of one or two rows of columns or posts that support a horizontal latticework covered with climbing plants. It is placed at the entrance to a garden, above part of an avenue or walkway, etc.
Landscape terms
An inner courtyard with a pool, fountain, and flowerbed, surrounded by a colonnade, characterized by a regular composition and enclosure. In Ancient Rome, the walls of the peristyle were often painted with park landscapes to create an illu…
Landscape terms
Flower edging of a garden parterre.
Landscape terms
Introduction of plants into localities where they were previously absent. A method of enriching our fields, vegetable gardens, botanical gardens and parks with valuable plant species.
Landscape terms
A group of trees or shrubs that limits the view of an open space or landscape.
Landscape terms
A medieval public park outside the city walls in the form of a large lawn with alleys and ponds for relaxation and games.
Landscape terms
An artistic style, a variety of Romanticism that spread in Europe in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It influenced the architecture of park structures that imitated medieval Gothic buildings — “knightly” castles, fortresses, etc. (…
Landscape terms
Monumental piers or columns at the entrance to a park, on the central square, and in other ceremonial locations.
Landscape terms
1) an element of garden-park composition, introduced already in the Middle Ages, with flower beds, gazebos, sculptures: 2) part of a forest-park area bounded by clearings.
Landscape terms
A method of planting trees in staggered rows in a checkerboard pattern, with crowns pruned into a single line and trunks left clear at the base. It forms a single volume and provides visibility along diagonal directions between the trunks;…
Landscape terms
A slightly inclined plane that replaces a staircase.
Landscape terms
A garden or park area where ornamental plants are combined with rocks.
Landscape terms
A rock garden that reflects the beauty of a mountain landscape and its flora. It is characterized by the combination of low-growing alpine plants with rocks and water. Rock gardens first appeared in English landscape gardens in the 18th ce…
Landscape terms
A decorative structure made of stacked stones in the form of slopes or retaining walls. Planting soil is pressed into the cracks between the stones and ornamental herbaceous plants are planted there (xerophytes, less often inhabitants of m…
Landscape terms
1) a collection or decorative plot (part of a park or garden) intended for cultivating and exhibiting various species and varieties of roses; 2) a thicket of wild dog-roses.
Landscape terms
An open or enclosed building supported by columns, most often topped by a dome.
Landscape terms
An open-air museum that houses ethnographic monuments from various districts of the region; mainly these are examples of traditional wooden architecture.
Landscape terms
A tree or shrub growing separately.
Landscape terms
A park stand with low vertical canopy closure, whose characteristic feature is the absence of undergrowth. Allows creation of deep perspectives.
Landscape terms
Figures of people, small genre scenes introduced into the composition of a landscape park to enliven it.
Landscape terms
The leafless, branch-free section of the trunk from the root collar to the first scaffold branch of the crown. As a rule, standard trees are formed for avenue plantings or as solitary specimens.
Landscape terms
(ancient Greek συμμετρία – «uniformity», «proportion») – the appropriateness of the placement of elements of an object's form relative to a straight line (axis of symmetry), which is perceived by the eye as a particular kind of orderliness…
