Palaestra
Landscape terms
A building or area for physical exercises in Ancient Greece.
Glossary of terms
A reference section with categories and short explanations.
Palisade
Landscape terms
1) a light wooden trellised hedge. Installed along the edges of rectangular or square boskets; 2) a palisade of logs driven into the ground, used to stabilize slopes.
Palmette
Landscape terms
A stylized palm leaf, one of the elements of ornamental design in a garden parterre.
Paradise
Landscape terms
An ancient Persian garden characterized by an abundance of roses, fountains, and ponds.
Parapet
Landscape terms
A low wall serving as a protective barrier for terraces, embankments, stairways, steep slopes, and roads.
Park
Landscape terms
An extensive (usually more than 10–15 ha) landscaped green area, improved and artistically arranged for outdoor recreation. The term entered the Russian language in the 18th century from England and originally meant a natural grove or a pi…
Parterre
Landscape terms
A decorative composition on a horizontal (sometimes slightly sunken) plane, conceived as an open space that is laid out with a lawn, flowerbed, pond, or sculpture. Parterres are divided into flower, lawn, and lacy types.
Parterre garden
Landscape terms
A garden in the formal style dominated by lawns, flowerbeds, and ponds. Trees and shrubs are usually placed on the periphery of clumps and beds; plants are regularly clipped and shaped into spheres, cubes, squares, etc.
Patio
Landscape terms
An inner courtyard of a residential building; compositionally linked with the interiors of buildings and includes elements such as a fountain, an ornamental pool, stone paving, etc.
Patterned ornamental parterre
Landscape terms
A type of embroidered (lace) parterre that was combined with clipped lawn surfaces; the background was usually crushed tile.
Pergola
Landscape terms
A garden or park structure consisting of one or two rows of columns or posts that support a horizontal latticework covered with climbing plants. It is placed at the entrance to a garden, above part of an avenue or walkway, etc.
Peristyle
Landscape terms
An inner courtyard with a pool, fountain, and flowerbed, surrounded by a colonnade, characterized by a regular composition and enclosure. In Ancient Rome, the walls of the peristyle were often painted with park landscapes to create an illu…
Plant band
Landscape terms
Flower edging of a garden parterre.
Plant introduction
Landscape terms
Introduction of plants into localities where they were previously absent. A method of enriching our fields, vegetable gardens, botanical gardens and parks with valuable plant species.
Plant screen
Landscape terms
A group of trees or shrubs that limits the view of an open space or landscape.
Prato
Landscape terms
A medieval public park outside the city walls in the form of a large lawn with alleys and ponds for relaxation and games.
Pseudo-Gothic
Landscape terms
An artistic style, a variety of Romanticism that spread in Europe in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It influenced the architecture of park structures that imitated medieval Gothic buildings — “knightly” castles, fortresses, etc. (…
Pylons
Landscape terms
Monumental piers or columns at the entrance to a park, on the central square, and in other ceremonial locations.