Terrace
Landscape terms
A horizontal or slightly inclined platform forming a ledge on a slope of natural or artificial origin.
Glossary of terms
A reference section with categories and short explanations.
Topiary art
Landscape terms
An ancient art of shaped pruning of trees and shrubs, giving them geometric and fantastical forms (for example, animals, architectural structures, etc.). Plants used include, for example, bay laurel, biota, privet and other plants with fin…
Trellis
Landscape terms
A lightweight wooden lattice or an openwork structure made from other materials, used as a framework for climbing plants.
Turf bench
Landscape terms
A turf construction forming a projection along a fence. A widespread feature of medieval gardens.
Vertical grading
Landscape terms
A set of measures aimed at transforming the terrain for technical and compositional purposes, including the organization of surface runoff from the site. Its specifics during the reconstruction and restoration of historic parks lie in the …
Vertical greening
Landscape terms
Greening of building facades, park structures and special installations (domes, trellises) with woody climbers and other climbing plants. The purpose of vertical greening is to decorate the facades and walls of buildings, and to protect th…
Vertograd
Landscape terms
Old Russian name for a garden.
Vertugaden
Landscape terms
A small terraced elevation of the amphitheatre type with semicircular convex steps set against a clipped green wall. Used as a stage area; decorated with sculpture, vases, etc.
Viaduct
Landscape terms
A structure for carrying a road across a gorge, deep ravine, dry valley, or over a crossroad. It rests on tall supports. Unlike an overpass, in which all spans are identical, the large span of a viaduct corresponds to its highest part.
View
Landscape terms
Part of a landscape. A term widely used in landscape architecture. The skillful revealing of individual artistically expressive views in the landscape is an important aspect of designing and restoring gardens and parks.
Viewpoint
Landscape terms
A location in the park from which vistas and landscapes are best perceived. Such a place is usually established by providing a viewing platform.
Viridarium
Landscape terms
A planted courtyard, a small garden in the peristyle courtyard of a monastery or dwelling. It usually had a geometric layout with a small fountain or pool in the center and flowerbeds. The walls of the house surrounding the garden were cov…
Vista
Landscape terms
a view, a narrow perspective directed by framing planes toward an outstanding element of the landscape — the focus of the perspective. It includes the viewpoint (the place from which perception is optimal), the framing (, fixing the view),…
Water games
Landscape terms
Special devices that appeared in the parks and gardens of the early Baroque. They were intended to spray thin streams of water on unsuspecting visitors.
Waterfall
Landscape terms
A natural or artificially constructed descending stream of water between two bodies of water at different levels. Installed in gardens and parks on changes of relief. Especially characteristic of romantic landscape-style parks (Alupka, Sof…
Winter garden
Landscape terms
A large glazed room or part of a room for growing exotic plants. It is furnished with pools, sculptures, and fountains.
Xyst
Landscape terms
A small area in front of a house in the form of a flat garden divided into squares or rectangles with a clear axial layout, predominantly featuring lawns and borders.
Zoning of the territory
Landscape terms
Division of the territory of a settlement, park, garden, or homestead plot into zones with different functional purposes.