Orchids

The orchid family. These ornamental flowering plants are placed in a special group. Orchids are perennial herbaceous plants native to tropical countries with hot and temperate climates. Orchids are valued not only for the uniqueness and beauty of their flowers in a wide range of shades and colors, but also because many of them bloom mainly during the winter months.

An indisputable advantage over all other flowering plants is the duration of flowering — orchid flowers last about 1 month, in some species about 2–3 months on the plant and about a month if cut. Orchid flowers can be solitary or in racemose, paniculate and spike-like inflorescences. The flowers have a brightly colored perianth composed of two three-membered whorls. The rear petal of the inner whorl, called the lip, differs from the others both in shape and in color. Three stamens in the flower are attached to the column; of them only one or two are developed. The fruit is a capsule. The seeds are very small, dust-like.

Why are orchids considered very demanding plants in cultivation? First of all because they need fairly high air humidity. Orchids do not tolerate dry and dusty air. Even spraying 2–3 times only temporarily raises humidity. It is best to grow orchids in indoor greenhouses.

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