Hilum
Термины кактусовода
The point of attachment of the seed in the fruit.
Glossary of terms
A reference section with categories and short explanations.
Chimeras
Термины кактусовода
Plants composed of tissues from two different individuals, resulting from somatic mutations (at the cellular level).
Chlorosis
Термины кактусовода
(From Greek chloros - pale green) - a disease in which the formation of chlorophyll is disrupted as a result of changes in nutrient conditions, deficiency of iron or magnesium, excessive moisture, poor lighting, as well as viral or fungal …
Chloroplast
Термины кактусовода
Special green bodies in plant cells.
Chlorophyll
Термины кактусовода
A coloring substance (pigment) whose presence determines the coloration of plant leaves and stems.
Chromoplast
Термины кактусовода
Special bodies in plant cells that synthesize carotenoids.
Flowers
Термины кактусовода
These are reproductive organs whose evolutionary origin is unclear. Flowers are usually simply referred to as the organs of sexual reproduction. (Green N., Stout W., Taylor D., Biology, 1996).
Colored forms
Термины кактусовода
See "achlorophyllous forms".
Flower
Термины кактусовода
A flower is a modified, shortened shoot [generative], adapted for the formation of micro- and megaspores, gametes, and for cross-pollination. (Khrzhanovsky V., Kraevsky I., Ponomarenko S. Botany, 1975).
Receptacle
Термины кактусовода
The upper expanded part of the pedicel.
Pedicel
Термины кактусовода
A flower stalk bearing a single flower.
Floral tube
Термины кактусовода
(Better: pedicel) - the part of a flower bearing the perianth, often pubescent or covered with scales.
Floral calyx
Термины кактусовода
The outer covering of a flower with a double perianth, consisting of sepals, which may be free or fused together, green or brightly colored.
Flower buds
Термины кактусовода
Buds that contain only flower primordia. In this state they can remain on the stem for a long time and begin to develop only under optimal conditions and at the appropriate time of year, often associated with genetic memory.
Cephalium
Термины кактусовода
A woolly, densely bristly formation on the apices of the stems of certain cactus genera, or on their lateral parts, from which fruits and flowers emerge. The development of a cephalium leads to morphological changes in the stem in the area…
Vegetation cycle
Термины кактусовода
Periodically recurring phases of growth, flowering, and fruiting, alternating with stagnation (dormancy).
Chaparral
Термины кактусовода
Subtropical formations of evergreen, low-growing xerophytic shrubs with isolated bare rock outcrops.
Cuttings
Термины кактусовода
Parts of a plant used for rooting.
Propagation by cuttings
Термины кактусовода
A method of vegetative propagation of plants that involves cutting off a part of the stem followed by rooting.
Cutting
Термины кактусовода
A portion of stem separated from the parent plant, capable, after rooting, of restoring the plant's vitality as a whole.
Stem segments
Термины кактусовода
Parts of cacti that exhibit segmented growth.
Articulate stem
Термины кактусовода
A stem composed of separate segments divided by distinct constrictions.
Scale insect
Термины кактусовода
Insect pest.
Shriveling of seeds
Термины кактусовода
Deformation of seeds due to their incomplete development, which may be associated with a sharp decrease in moisture during the ripening period.
Evolution
Термины кактусовода
Irreversible development of plants in the historical aspect of their origin and subsequent life processes, accompanied by the formation and modification of the genetic composition of populations and their adaptation to the environment in t…
Edatop
Термины кактусовода
The set of soil characteristics of a given environment.
Exotics
Термины кактусовода
Plants cultivated or introduced by humans into areas where they did not occur naturally.
Ecological niche
Термины кактусовода
The physical space with its characteristic ecological conditions that determine the existence of an organism; the place of a species in nature.
Ecotype
Термины кактусовода
Genetically fixed, ecologically formed race (group of individuals of a single species).
Ecotope
Термины кактусовода
(From Greek oikos - dwelling, habitat, and topos - place) the aggregate of abiotic environmental conditions of a given site that constitutes the habitat for a particular plant community.
Elite plants
Термины кактусовода
The best representatives of a genus or species, selected from collections as source material for their further propagation.
Endemic
Термины кактусовода
(From Greek endemos - local) - a taxon (species, genus, family...) restricted in its distribution to a particular territory and not found anywhere else in the wild.
Endosperm
Термины кактусовода
(From Greek endon - inside and sperma - seed) - nutritive tissue that develops in the seed. In cacti it is absorbed by the embryo already at an early stage of development and in the seed is residually represented only by a thin film (not t…
Absorptive capacity
Термины кактусовода
The level of water uptake of dissolved nutrients by the root system. It depends on the condition of the plant's above-ground parts, the root system itself, and the composition of the substrate.
Epidermis, epiderma
Термины кактусовода
(From Greek epi - on, above, over, and derma - skin) - the outermost, primary in origin covering (protective) tissue of leaves and stems, i.e., the plant's skin, almost always consisting of a layer of tightly packed cells, some of which fo…
Epicotyl
Термины кактусовода
Stem segment above the cotyledons (shoot).
Epiphytes (Epiphytic cacti)
Термины кактусовода
Cacti and plants in general that often grow on trees and other plants, but, unlike parasites, use their hosts only as a substrate for attachment and do not feed at their expense.
Erosion
Термины кактусовода
The destruction of rocks and soil, with the transfer of particles from one place to another under the influence of winds, heavy precipitation, and catastrophic events (earthquakes, eruptions, etc.).
Etiolation of plants
Термины кактусовода
An abnormal growth of the stem, its elongation, change in coloration, and cessation of flowering, associated with keeping the plant in unsuitable conditions, primarily due to insufficient light levels.
Etiolated growth
Термины кактусовода
Growth produced in darkness.