Lateral position
Специальные термины
The position of any part of an organism to the side of the median plane.
Glossary of terms
A reference section with categories and short explanations.
Petals
Специальные термины
Modified apical leaves of higher plants that form the corolla of a flower.
Lianas
Специальные термины
These are plants with long herbaceous or woody stems. They require a permanent support. Lianas differ in the way they attach to a support. For example, the stems of asparagus twine around a support; in others this function is performed by …
Follicle
Специальные термины
Dry fruit formed from a single carpel, opening along a longitudinal slit.
Leaf succulent
Специальные термины
A plant that has water-storing tissues in its leaves, containing large amounts of water.
Leaf arrangement
Специальные термины
The order of attachment of leaves on the stem.
Mother leaf
Специальные термины
The leaf from which this group of offsets was obtained.
Mother plant
Специальные термины
The name of a plant, most often lacking an apical growth point, that produces lateral shoots (plantlets).
Internode
Специальные термины
Part of a stem between two adjacent nodes.
Perennial
Специальные термины
A plant that lives for more than two years.
Monocarpic
Специальные термины
A plant that flowers and fruits once in its life, and then dies.
Monotypic genus
Специальные термины
A genus that includes only a single species.
Monstrosity
Специальные термины
A mutation in which lateral growth points begin to proliferate chaotically, leading to deformation of the stem and forming a tuber-like stem.
Mutation
Специальные термины
The phenomenon of abrupt change in heredity; sometimes arises without apparent cause.
Whorled leaves
Специальные термины
Arrangement of leaves in which three or more leaves are present at each node of the stem.
Involucre, involucral bracts
Специальные термины
A collection of green small leaves (bracts) that cover the base of the flower head (capitulum) in composites (Asteraceae). The involucral bracts may be arranged in several rows.
Annual
Специальные термины
A plant that completes its life cycle from seed to seed in one year.
Unisexual flowers
Специальные термины
Flowers that contain only stamens or only pistils.
Perianth
Специальные термины
The outer part of the flower. It can be double (divided into calyx and corolla) or simple (when the elements are not visually distinguishable).
Rooted cutting
Специальные термины
Leaf cutting that has developed roots.
Rejuvenating a violet
Специальные термины
Violet rosettes require mandatory rejuvenation every 2–3 years; during that time the rosette develops a bare stem. Rejuvenation is carried out by cutting off the upper part of the rosette (the crown) and re-rooting it in water. When rejuve…
Organic fertilizers
Специальные термины
Fertilizers of plant or animal origin, for example horse or cow manure, soil organisms, which are not absorbed by plants immediately.
Layering
Специальные термины
This is a part of a stem or root bearing buds that is bent away from the parent plant and covered with soil to produce a new plant.
Offshoots
Специальные термины
Aboveground shoots formed from axillary buds on rhizomes and roots, easily detached and often possessing their own root system.
Alternate leaves
Специальные термины
Leaf arrangement in which there is only one leaf at each node of the stem.
Axillary inflorescence, axillary flower
Специальные термины
An inflorescence or flower that develops in the axil of a leaf.
Suckers (offshoots)
Специальные термины
Lateral shoots that develop in the leaf axils of a mature plant.
Alternate leaf arrangement
Специальные термины
The arrangement of leaves in which the leaves are not exactly opposite each other, but are staggered.
Pistil
Специальные термины
The central part of the female bisexual flower, containing the ovules from which seeds develop. It consists of the ovary, style and stigma.
Variegation
Специальные термины
Type of leaf coloration.
Pricking out
Специальные термины
Transplanting of vegetable, fruit, and ornamental crops at a young age, for example, from seedbeds into individual pots.
Nutrients
Специальные термины
Certain mineral substances necessary for plant growth. These include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S). Micronutrients are primarily heavy metals. Plants obtain nutrients from the substra…
Fruit
Специальные термины
After fertilization, not only seeds but also fruits develop. Most often the fruit develops from the ovary of the pistil. Fruits are extremely diverse in structure, number of seeds, presence of adaptations for reproduction, and other featur…
Fruit-bearing plants
Специальные термины
Unlike sterile (non-fruiting) plants, they, thanks to "sexual organs" (the pistil and pollen), produce fruits.
Shoot
Специальные термины
Lateral branches of the stem with leaves and an apical bud.
pH value
Специальные термины
Determines the concentration of hydrogen ions. A value of 7 indicates soil neutrality. Lower indicates acidity, higher indicates alkalinity. Most plants prefer a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. The pH can be easily determined with litmus paper (so…
Spathe
Специальные термины
Leaf at the base of an inflorescence (spadix) in Araceae. Often brightly colored.
Complete fertilizers
Специальные термины
Fertilizers that contain all the essential nutrients for plants, as well as micronutrients.
Subshrubs
Специальные термины
Perennial plants whose renewal buds persist for several years, while the upper parts of the shoot are replaced annually.
Spadix
Специальные термины
Type of inflorescence.