Range
Термины по орихидеям
The territory within which a particular species, genus, or family of plants naturally occurs.
Glossary of terms
A reference section with categories and short explanations.
Bulb (pseudobulb)
Термины по орихидеям
A thickened part of the stem in sympodial orchids. They serve as reservoirs of nutrients and water in case of prolonged drought, which is characteristic of plants that lead an epiphytic lifestyle. Bulbs have various shapes, depending on th…
Velamen
Термины по орихидеям
Hygroscopic tissue of dead, air-filled cells that envelops the aerial roots of epiphytic orchids and is capable of absorbing rainwater, dew, and moisture from the air.
Geophyte
Термины по орихидеям
A plant that grows on the ground (and not on rocks or trees). Gynostemium — see Column.
Hybrid
Термины по орихидеям
From Latin hibrida , hybrida - a mixture, an organism (cell) obtained as a result of the combining of genetic material of genotypically different organisms (cells), i.e., hybridization. In natural populations of cross-pollinating plants pr…
Lip
Термины по орихидеям
One of the perianth segments, differing from the others in shape, often in color and size.
Diandrous orchids
Термины по орихидеям
Orchids whose flower has two fertile (i.e., pollen-producing) stamens.
Plantlet
Термины по орихидеям
Young plant formed on the mother plant without fertilization.
Callus
Термины по орихидеям
(From Latin Callus – thick skin, a callus) — tissue that forms on the surface of a wound and promotes healing of the injury. Adventitious roots are often initiated in the callus.
Column (gynostemium)
Термины по орихидеям
An organ unique to orchids, formed by the fusion of the stamens (one or two) with the style and stigma of the pistil.
Rhizome
Термины по орихидеям
Also: rhizome – rhizome - a subterranean, more or less perennial shoot of perennial herbaceous plants, as well as shrubs, serving for the storage of reserve substances, vegetative renewal and reproduction. It differs from a root by the pre…
Lithophyte
Термины по орихидеям
(From Greek Lithos – stone, phyton – plant) — a plant growing on stones and rocks.
Interspecific hybrid
Термины по орихидеям
A hybrid formed as a result of crossing two species belonging to the same genus.
Intergeneric hybrid
Термины по орихидеям
A hybrid obtained by crossing species or cultivars belonging to different genera.
Meristem
Термины по орихидеям
From Greek meristos — "divisible" — the formative tissue of plants that retains for a long time the ability to divide and give rise to new cells; it is characterized by high metabolic activity. Some meristem cells — initials — remain at an…
Mycorrhiza
Термины по орихидеям
From myco... and Greek rhiza – root, - fungus-root, a symbiosis of a fungus's mycelium and the roots of a higher plant. Mycorrhizae are distinguished as ectotrophic, in which the fungus envelops the root, remaining on its surface, and endo…
Mycotrophic plants
Термины по орихидеям
From myco... and ...troph — plants that have mycorrhizae on their roots and extract nutrients from the soil by means of fungal hyphae symbiotically associated with the roots. Mycotrophic plants – all gymnosperms, the majority of monocots (…
Monandrous orchids
Термины по орихидеям
Orchids in which the flower retains only a single fertile (i.e., pollen-producing) stamen.
Peloric flower
Термины по орихидеям
From Greek pelorios – monstrous - a flower with a regular (actinomorphic) corolla, unlike other flowers of the same plant that have irregular (zygomorphic) corollas. A peloric flower develops at the top of an inflorescence. It is possible …
Pollinarium
Термины по орихидеям
From Latin pollen, genitive pollinis — fine powder, pollen, a specialized structure adapted for the transfer of large masses of pollen by insects or birds onto the stigma of a flower. It consists of a pollinium, a stalk (caudicle), and a v…
Pollinia
Термины по орихидеям
From Latin pollen, genitive pollinis — fine flour, pollen; the pollen grains of one half of an anther (theca), glued into a common mass by a special substance — viscin; part of a pollinarium. When germinating on the stigma, pollinia form a…
Saprophyte
Термины по орихидеям
(From Greek sapros – rotten, phyton – plant) — an achlorophyllous plant that feeds on organic substances of dead plants or on secretions of living ones. Saprophytic orchids obtain nutrients from the soil by means of a mycorrhizal fungus.
Sympodial plant
Термины по орихидеям
A plant whose main axis is a system of shoots with limited apical growth arising from the lateral buds of the shoots of the previous order.
Systemic preparations
Термины по орихидеям
(Against pests and diseases) — protective agents absorbed by the plant through the root system and enhancing its immunity.
Turgor
Термины по орихидеям
Natural tension of plant cells. A plant can live only when its water balance is maintained, i.e., when the amount of water entering the plant is not less than that being used. When water is used faster (during intense evaporation), the cel…
Photoperiodism
Термины по орихидеям
Response of plants to the ratio of light and dark periods of the day.
Epiphyte
Термины по орихидеям
(From Greek Epi – on, phyton – plant) — a plant that lives on trees or shrubs and uses them only as support, but does not parasitize them.