Glossary of terms

A specimen of a plant that the author used as the nomenclatural type. If the author who described the taxon did not designate a holotype, or if the holotype was lost or destroyed, a lectotype or neotype may be designated as a replacement.

Hormones

Термины кактусовода

(From Greek hormao - I set in motion, I stimulate) biologically active substances produced by clusters of specialized plant cells and exerting targeted action on other organs and tissues. Under the control of hormones, all stages of an org…

Humus

Термины кактусовода

High-molecular-weight, dark-colored organic substances of the soil formed from the products of decomposition of plant and animal residues — decomposed organic remains. It is the main component determining soil fertility.

Humus components

Термины кактусовода

Soil fractions of the substrate of natural origin (leaf mould, turf soil, loam) containing humus

Dioecious plants

Термины кактусовода

Plants having male (with stamens) and female (with pistils) flowers on separate individuals.

Vegetation degradation

Термины кактусовода

Gradual deterioration, a decline in the level of organization of a plant community, caused by changes in environmental conditions or by human economic activity.

Seed exchange list

Термины кактусовода

The exchange collection of botanical gardens.

Turf

Термины кактусовода

The surface layer of soil interwoven with living and dead roots, shoots, and rhizomes of perennial grasses.

Tussock

Термины кактусовода

Group growth form, a collection of plant stems growing closely together and forming dense multi-headed groups.

Offsets

Термины кактусовода

Lateral shoots of cacti.

Offset formation

Термины кактусовода

The natural, genetically inherent ability to produce daughter stem shoots (offsets) in a number of cactus species, or induced artificially by removal of the stem's growing point.

Diagnosis of a taxon

Термины кактусовода

Description of the distinguishing morphological, physiological, or cultivation-related characteristics of plants of various ranks (genus, species, variety, etc.). It is first provided by the author in Latin, with the accepted abbreviation …

Dimorphic

Термины кактусовода

(From Greek di - double and morphe - species, form) - species and populations having two morphs.

Growth dynamics

Термины кактусовода

Differences in the rate of plant growth associated with natural factors (temperature, amount of light energy and precipitation), as well as with aspects of maintenance under enclosed growing conditions (frequency of watering, addition of f…

Dichotomous branching

Термины кактусовода

A relatively rare phenomenon in cacti in which the main axis at the stem tip divides into two, usually equally developed axes, forming paired stems each with its own growing point.

Dichotomy

Термины кактусовода

Tendency toward dichotomous branching.

Dominant

Термины кактусовода

(From Latin dominantis - dominant) a species that is quantitatively predominant in a given community.

Dormant

Термины кактусовода

(Dormant state) (from English dormant - inactive, sleeping) - being in a state of rest or hibernation.

Lignification

Термины кактусовода

See lignification.

Drainage

Термины кактусовода

The bottom layer in plant pots consisting of small stones, sand, crushed brick, clay shards, expanded clay (LECA), coarse gravel and other materials to prevent waterlogging in the lower layers of the root ball and to increase aeration of t…

Waiting (aerial) roots

Термины кактусовода

Root primordia that form on the surface of cuttings of plants being rooted or on the lateral shoots ("plantlets") of stems of species prone to producing plantlets. When placed in soil, waiting roots develop, forming a normal root system. S…

Life form

Термины кактусовода

1. The external appearance of plants reflecting their adaptability to environmental conditions. 2. A unit of ecological classification of plants with a similar adaptive structure.

Vitality

Термины кактусовода

The degree of a plant's resistance to environmental disturbances, the intensity of the organism's life processes, the degree and measure of its resilience.

Ovary

Термины кактусовода

The lower, enlarged part of the pistil that contains the ovules.

Plant odor

Термины кактусовода

Scorching, discoloration of the stem caused by overheating of the air or by its high dryness.

Primordium

Термины кактусовода

A group of cells from which the development of an organism begins (primordium bud, flower bud).

Potting mix

Термины кактусовода

Growing medium for plants composed of various components.

Zygomorphic flower

Термины кактусовода

(From Greek zeugos - pair and morphe - form) a flower through which only one axis of symmetry can be drawn.

Zoophobes

Термины кактусовода

Plants that have defensive adaptations against being eaten by animals.

Zoochory

Термины кактусовода

Dispersal of seeds by animals. Epizoochory - on the body of animals; endozoochory - inside the animal's body.

Identification

Термины кактусовода

(From Latin identifico - I establish identity, I identify) - as precisely as possible establishing the identity of the plant under consideration to a particular group: species, genus, family, etc.

Variability

Термины кактусовода

The presence of heterogeneity and differences among individuals of the same species.

Isomorphism

Термины кактусовода

Similarity of organs in two different plant species.

Icotype

Термины кактусовода

A type used for identification but previously not described (cited) in the literature.

Soil impedance

Термины кактусовода

Total electrical resistance.