Landscape architecture

The architecture of open spaces, a branch of urban planning whose goal is the formation of a favorable external environment for people’s daily life and recreation in cities, suburban and resort areas, and rural areas, taking into account functional, aesthetic, and technical-economic requirements. The specificity of the field is that it mainly deals with natural materials and objects — the relief …

The architecture of open spaces, a branch of urban planning whose goal is the formation of a favorable external environment for people’s daily life and recreation in cities, suburban and resort areas, and rural areas, taking into account functional, aesthetic, and technical-economic requirements. The specificity of the field is that it mainly deals with natural materials and objects — the relief of the earth’s surface, vegetation cover, and bodies of water when designing parks, gardens, squares, forest parks, and suburban mass-recreation areas. The tasks of landscape architecture also include landscaping and the external improvement of residential courtyards, industrial enterprises, transport, and agricultural facilities. Historically it arose at the junction of garden-and-park art and modern urban planning.